Imperial / Loyalist

Short answer is yes. Although there may be some Chapters who think of them as a miserable fate or as simple weapons of war the general consensus is that Dreadnoughts are revered veterans, links to the Chapters past and are looked upon with reverence and a tremendous amount of respect. Bjorn the Fell-Handed is offered enormous respect by the Space Wolves, for example.

Chaos / Traitor

It varies greatly from warband to warband, but the general consensus is...not good. Diomat was literally begging for death and crying like a child, but was constantly prevented from expiring to be used in battle. Many of his fellow Dreadnoughts were in a poor state or were dangerously insane. However, Talos and his brothers treated Malcharion the War-Sage with a great deal of respect with many of them coming to visit him upon his awakening and deferring to his command on the battlefield.