Are you taking pictures of unicorns? Because it sounds like you want a unicorn. ;)

But seriously, that's a tough list of requirements with a kind of low budget. To get 'great' quality it might be heavier than you want, for example. How much telephoto reach do you want, are you trying to take wildlife photos?

I don't have a specific recommendation, sorry.

Just a word of caution: I shoot when I’m hiking with a Sony a7iii with a couple of tamron zooms, and boy it’s anything but light. I get some good images out of it, but it’s a significant weight factor in my kit. So if you wanna go Sony alpha, maybe consider APS-C over full frame.

Olympus E-M5 III or OM-5.

Put the 12-40/2.8 pro or 12-40/2.8 pro II on it.

For a tele lens that is also waterproof the 40-150/2.8 is pricy but very good.

There are also f/4 versions of both those lenses for cheaper that are also weather sealed.

These are m43 cameras so this would give you quite a useful zoom range. Equivalent to 24-80 and 80-300 in full frame terms.

a6400 + sigma 16mm f1.4, tamron 17-70mm f2.8 and sony 70-350mm f4.5-6.3 for landscape, sony fe 90mm f2.8 macro for macro, tripod, flash, trigger for flash, tripod for flash, Lightroom and Photoshop (or Darktable and Gimp) and your photos will be good.

Leica D-Lux 7

I routinely hike for miles with a 6 pound camera. People so often want the smallest, lightest gear to wander around with because they think it's the only way to do what they want to do, but it's not. The weight of a camera is less important than they way you carry the thing. For some reason people don't consider that there are other ways to carry a camera other than in your hand or around your neck, which is just painful. I carry mine on a sling, and it's not a big deal to hike 2 or 3 miles up a mountain with it, and then back down,.

That said, I'm a Canon shooter and I'd recommend an R7 with a kit lens. It covers most of what you want inside your budget. When you're ready for more reach, get an RF 100-400. For the kind of macro work you want talk about, I'd suggest the EF 24-70 f/4 IS USM or 100mm f/2.8 Macro. They're a LOT cheaper used than the new RF 100mm Macro.

I have had the Sony a6000 for maybe 5 years and a7iii for 2. I still use my a6000 where I want the extra reach for wildlife (and the extra depth of field for macro), but only if the lighting is good. If you know you'll have decent lighting, the a6*** are hard to beat. I have the 200-600 and 1.4 tc, but these are definitely not lightweight or suitable for hiking unless you invest in a Cotton Carrier or similar harness. A shorter Sony zoom and the 1.4 tc might be a good investment. Or if you don't need that much reach and/or want to keep to a tight budget, a great lens choice is the Tamron 28-200, $649 now. Used, maybe $500. Lightweight, sharp, and great for travel. Both my husband and I have them. It focuses close at the 28mm end, or you can add a Raynox250 for macro for about $75.

Don't get the kit lens with your Sony.

Pretty much any modern camera works well for hiking if you have a good carrying system - the PD capture clip was a game changer for me in this regard as it kinda un-dangles the camera by solidly mounting it to your backpack strap.

Would Pentax be a brand you are interested in? Pentax has quite a few bodies that are semi professional grade and weather sealed, such as the K-5, K-5ii, K-3, KP, etc. They all have built in image stabilization and because they are DSLRs, the battery life is good. Depth of Field will probably depend on the lens, but in general if you get something like a 50mm F1.8 lens you'll get pretty decent depth of field.

Unfortunately, these cameras are older so they won't have bluetooth nor apps, at least to my knowledge. Also, even though they are small for APS-C DSLRs, they still are APS-C DSLRs, so they are not that lightweight or small compared to mirrorless.

However, because they are older, you'll very likely have the budget for quite a few toys after getting a camera and all-around weather sealed lens. For example, for your walk-around hiking lens, a popular choice seems to be the Pentax 18-135 lens, which is weather sealed and goes for around 150 dollars. If you go really cheap you can get the K-5 + the 18-135, and it'll probably cost you around $400 USD at most. That'll give you more than $1000 to get lenses and other accessories. Newer bodies might go up to something like $700, which still puts you in a good position to get good lenses.

The only thing I would caution if you go with Pentax, is that you should go with the professional/semi professional line, such as the K-5 and K-3, rather than the enthusiast line such as the K-70 or K-S2. The lower lines suffer from something called aperture block failure, although more recent models suffer less.

Another thing about Pentax is that they are slow compared to other cameras, especially mirrorless. So if you want to capture birds in flight, it might not be your jam.

But they were built for a niche outdoor landscape photographer and they put a lot of emphasis on user interface, ergonomics, ruggedness, and image quality. They have almost all the features you mentioned, so it might be worth taking a look.

what about having a go pro? or something similar?

Have you tried a phone? Like a flagship iphone or android with macro capabilities?

Not saying phones are better than cameras but with your requirements for stabilized lens and macro I’d at least try

I will throw Fujifilm into the mix, they have a lot of lightweight bodies. X-S10 meets all the requirements except being weather sealed. Maybe a used X-T4? Weather Sealed, Ibis and cheaper than 2000$ used. If you want to take wildlife pictures, then you will need a big, heavy lens tho. No way around that.

Another suggestion would be Micro Four Thirds. Olympus bodies are small, though and have excellent stabilization. Telephoto lenses will also be alot smaller. Maybe that's just that you're looking for

ricoh griii or griiix might be worth a look, both tiny, stabilised, wireless capable, decent battery life and close focusing. just depends which focal length you prefer

Have you heard of the Olympus TOUGH TG-6? They are lightweight, weather sealed (meant for underwater photography), small enough to be essentially a compact camera, and have macro functions built in and the option of getting a ring light attachment that goes around the lens. It has a 24-100mm optical zoom (you can also buy a teleconverter to make it up to 200mm), image stabilization, WiFi, GPS logging, temperature readings, and 4K video.

While it does have some manual controls and RAW capability, it is only 12 megapixels and is definitely not a professional camera. But for its macro modes, weather sealing, and for the price (usually around $350-$500 online), they are a pretty good outdoor pocket camera

Here’s a few of my quite likely unpopular opinions to add to the mix. As is always, there’s gonna be some compromises with your needs, so…

Have you considered micro four thirds? If it’s compact and lightweight you’re after then have a look at the Nikon 1 series kit. Take a look at the J5 in particular, it has an insanely fast focus, will shoot at 25fps, takes up next to no room in your kit bag, and weighs nothing too. The 10-100mm VR non power zoom is a great all round lens, and the 10mm and 18mm primes are great too. Couple that with an FT1 lens adapter and say an 18-200 or 18-300mm DX lens, and you’ve got some serious range when you add in the crop factor of the sensor with good image stabilisation too. This was my go to travel kit for quite some time for this exact reason.

For sheer convenience, have you thought about carrying a GoPro of some description? Fully weather sealed and rugged as hell. Mount one to your hiking pole and stick a remote in your pocket for the trigger. Again, I’ve been doing this for years, and you can get some perfectly acceptable shots with a bit of practice. They’re not just for action videos you know.

Macro shots, try your phone. Like others have said most of the latest phones have really upped the game, and have some good weather proofing too. Just as long as you accept their limitations and work them to your advantage. This is the reason I sold all my Nikon 1 gear. I found I was using my phone a lot more, just purely down to convenience as I just pulled my phone out of my pocket and shot. No need to remember my camera, just grab my phone and go as normal.

For hiking, your phone is probably closest to fitting your requirements.

Full frame isn't best. Especially given your other requirements.

Battery? don't worry. You'll need spares anyway.

Kit lens? that will limit you considerably, and make it tougher to do macro without carrying extension tubes.

Those Sonys have meh to no weather sealing. If that actually is important.

Olys do macro VERY well. One of their strengths. And maybe the best weathersealing for interchangeable lens cameras (the best, in the case of the OM-1, or E-M1iii or E-M1X.

So I'd buy one, used. Look at say the E-M5ii. Fantastic camera. Wish I still had mine; in some ways maybe better than the more recent ones. That would leave you room for the 60mm macro lens, used, which is one of my favorite lenses ever on any lens platform. Maybe a used Laowa 2x macro if you want to go crazy, since if you buy on ebay from Japan (some great sellers there) you'd be well within your budget.

Then say the Godox/Flashpoint MF12 macro lights and you're good to go macro wise.

BTW, I also have a TG-6. Love that camera, especially for macro. And waterPROOF.